Articles by
Chip Hitchens

Geographic Statistics and Indicators Heavy Lifting at a Glance

kaleidocade_smKIF—the Kaleidocade Indicators Framework—has proven to be a powerful tool for organizations that want to share with the public large amounts of data, visualize it, and provide sophisticated analytical tools to help people interpret it.  But what about those organizations with much less data or the need for a more streamlined, simple approach?

"KIF Lite" - Global Sample

The KIFlite global sample application assembles hundreds of statistics and indicators

KIFlite is a new option for organizations that wish to publish geographically aggregated indicators.  It combines the analytic power of KIF with a simplified user interface, making it easy to quickly dive into maps and charts.

KIFlite was originally conceived as a way for KIF to operate on a touch screen.  Potential users of KIF may not have the luxury of sitting comfortably at a computer, thinking through questions in detail, and then saving their work and returning to it later.  We had to think of a way for KIF to be immediately engaging and easily manipulated without the use of a mouse or keyboard  by someone passing a kiosk at a conference or other interactive display.  Even though KIFlite has been expanded to work from a regular computer and not necessarily only from a touch screen, that initial focus led us to differentiate KIFlite from the full KIF package in several ways:

  • A Single Geographic Level— The full KIF application supports the inclusion of several different geographies in one implementation.  Depending on the coverage area of the client’s data, it might be broken up into states/counties/tracts or municipalities/ZIP codes/school districts. The end-user chooses the area and associated data they are interested in.  KIFlite analyzes and displays all data at a single geography, simplifying the user experience.
  • Live Indicator Selection—In KIF, before performing analysis, a user chooses a subset of indicators relevant to their interests and adds them to their own “indicator collection” before doing any analysis.  These can then be saved to a user account and retrieved later.  KIFlite makes any indicator available for any of the available analysis tools, but doesn’t save data to a user’s collections.
  • User Accounts – Though user accounts are extremely useful in an application where people are likely to want to save their work, the quick in-and-out approach of KIFlite makes user accounts unnecessary.
  • Reports—KIFlite’s rapid and temporal style of interaction inherently de-emphasized the need for highly detailed reports.   KIFlite offers a smaller range of simplified reports.
KIF Lite - Scatter Plot

KIFlite - Scatter Plot

If you’d like to check out KIFlite, check out our global sample application; it focuses on global socio-economic indicators, ranging from health to freedom of the press worldwide.

We hope that this addition to the KIF family of products will bring the power of Kaleidocade to an even wider audience who deals with large amounts of geographic indicators that need to be interpreted and analyzed quickly and efficiently. For examples of organizations that use KIF already, please visit our KIF clients’ page.

Data on Mortgages, Deeds, Sheriff’s Deeds, Property Types, etc. at Your Fingertips: Philly LandStat Released to the Public

"The Philadelphia Department of Records has released LandStat to the public, allowing anyone to access more than 650,000 individual pieces of property transaction data within the city. "


Have you ever wondered which zip codes in your city have the most real estate transactions? Or maybe you’ve wanted to know which city council district has the most vacant land? Whether you are a city planner, a real estate investor, or a curious citizen, The Philadelphia Department of Records‘ ‘Philly LandStat ‘ website allows you to access more than 650,000 individual pieces of property transaction data within the city. When we first announced the application in October 2008, it was only accessible from the City’s internal network. The Department of Records has recently released the application (which has just been updated with the latest real estate data) to the public.

LandStat incorporates information on property transactions from the Department of Records’ ParcelExplorer and PhilaDox applications and presents it in an interactive web application. Individual records from those applications were placed into ZIP Codes, City Council districts, wards, U.S. Census tracts, and blockgroups using the Unified Land Records System (ULRS) — winner of the Public Technology Institute 2008 Technology Solutions Award (Web & EGovernment category). Once aggregated to these districts, the resulting dataset could then be fed into Azavea’s Kaleidocade Indicators Framework (KIF) software for publication and analysis over the web, covering such categories as mortgages, deeds, condominiums, the Real Estate Transfer Tax, and property type.

2008 Residential Parcels in Philadelphia’s City
Council District #10.

Kaleidocade enables the end user to create thematic maps, chart trends over time, get detailed reports on specific geographic areas of interest, and perform complex analysis through a straightforward interface using only a web browser. Releasing the property data through KIF, rather than as a flat text file or raw database, gives those interested a set of easy-to-use tools to quickly and easily visualize the various datasets. Users can focus their queries on individual geographic areas or specific types of transactions, or take a step back and look at the data in a larger context, depending on what types of questions they’re trying to answer. It’s the hope of the project that as those answers are sought, a level of knowledge is gained that otherwise might not have been possible by simply looking at a listing of the facts and figures on their own.

To try LandStat, just point your browser to: http://www.phillylandstat.com. Registration is free, and will create an account where all of your searches and reports will be saved so that you can return to them later, but it’s not a requirement.

For more information on Kaleidocade, please contact Chip Hitchens at chitchens@azavea.com.

LandStat Helps Philadelphia’s Department of Records Get the Big Picture on Real Estate Transactions

"[The] new application...helps city staff visualize and interpret Philadelphia property information"


Continuing our commitment to the Philadelphia Department of Records, we have recently rolled out a new application to help city staff visualize and interpret Philadelphia property information. The new application, called LandStat, is powered by the Kaleidocade Indicators Framework (KIF) to represent aggregated data on such topics as mortgages, deeds, foreclosures, real estate transfer tax, condominium declarations, and property types. By counting, averaging, or adding up records in a particular ZIP Code or census tract, areas can be compared to each other at a glance.


Map describing mortgages in Philadelphia in 2007.

The data used in LandStat has quite a lineage. Azavea previously worked with the Department of Records on the ParcelExplorer application, which combines property transaction and other information from the City’s PhilaDox document recording system with parcel-level data from other agencies as well as a series of historic and contemporary maps. Using the Philadelphia Department of Technology’s Unified Land Records System (ULRS), also developed by Azavea, we were able to enhance the real estate transaction data by performing a series of “point in polygon” operations to determine in which ZIP Code, City Council District, ward, US Census tract or blockgroup each document and property was located. In order to convert that data to something compatible with KIF, we then created an aggregating tool which took the sum, count, or average of each indicator in each of the different geographies and created a KIF database.


Block group report generated by LandStat.

As with other applications using Kaleidocade, LandStat’s data can be viewed in a map, with geographic areas color-coded to indicate different ranges of values. Being able to see hot spots or areas of inactivity quickly and easily can inform decisions and inspire ways of thinking that might not have been possible by viewing the same data in a spreadsheet. LandStat also enables users to create scatter plots, view a statistical analysis, create tables with specific ranges of data, or rank top and bottom locations for a particular indicator. Detailed reports can also be created for an area of interest. LandStat will round out the city’s already advanced suite of land analysis applications.

LandStat is currently available from the City of Philadelphia’s internal network, although the Department of Records may elect to make it available to the public at some point in the future. Please contact Chip Hitchens for more information on LandStat or KIF.

What the Heck Is … FLEX?

"Flex is an excellent choice for applications that need animation or complex controls that push the bounds of what is possible in a web browser."

Since Apple started automatically pushing out Safari to Windows users, nerds everywhere have been metaphorically beating each other up over browser benchmarks, hackability, and anti-aliasing schemes. But regardless of any particular loyalties, it’s a fact that things on the web look (and sometimes act) differently in different browsers.

Web pages are, at some level, just a set of instructions that need to be interpreted by a web browser to make the picture on your screen. Differences in web browsers such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, and the various versions of each (and even differences between the same versions on different operating systems) make it hard for web developers to provide a consistent experience to users. Abobe’s Flex is an open source collection of tools that help developers make consistent, rich Internet applications, independent of a person’s choice of browser.

Applications made with the Flex framework run in Flash Player, a common browser plug-in which has been around since the late 1990′s. Flash was initially a popular way to add interactive graphics, animations, or video to websites, but has evolved into a platform for developers to build entire web and desktop applications. Flex includes a standard set of user interface objects (such as buttons, forms, and the usual features that people expect to see on web and desktop applications), and an object-oriented programming model familiar to web developers. Flex makes it easier for a developer to create feature rich applications that operate consistently regardless of the user’s operating system or browser. While there are other similar platforms for web-based user interfaces, such as ExtJS (a JavaScript library we use) and Microsoft’s Silverlight, Flex is an excellent choice for applications that need animation or complex controls that push the bounds of what is possible in a web browser.


The Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive’s The Root – Example of a Flex- enabled mapping interface that lets users map their family trees.

Azavea has already used Flex in a couple different scenarios, both in and out of map applications. The “Roots” section of Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive’s www.theroot.com uses Flex to display an interactive graphical family tree. While the data is stored in a conventional database and uses a conventional server behind-the-scenes, the interface is implemented in Flash using Flex and Flex-based diagramming tools. The Flex application interacts with the back-end server using web services (check out “What the Heck is a Web Service?”). Azavea’s DecisionTree uses Flex to power the interactive map page, providing enhanced browser interoperability and enhanced graphics, such as overlays with variable transparency that can be adjusted by the user on the fly.

We’re excited by what we’ve been able to do so far with Flex, and are looking forward to the forthcoming release of ESRI’s ArcGIS API for Flex, which brings the visual sparkle of Flex to ArcGIS Server applications.

A “SMART” Puzzle

The SMART System of the US Department of Justice’s Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) makes a wide range of data available to anyone interested in and professionals involved in identifying, halting, or preventing juvenile delinquency.

Let’s say that you represent an organization in Pennsylvania that is working to curb juvenile crime, and you’re going to use the SMART System to apply for a grant relating poverty to crime. Register with the SMART system, then press the Mapping and Analysis button (no search text is required) and choose Pennsylvania > Counties. Then choose the ‘Economic’ indicators that will help you answer the following questions:

1. Using the map, what County in Southeastern Pennsylvania sticks out as having a disproportionately high percentage of children living in poverty?

2. What three counties have the highest percentage of families living in poverty (use most recent indicator data)?

3. Using the appropriate ‘Crime’ indicators, answer the following question: Name the three counties reporting the highest juvenile crime rate.

Be the first to send an email with all three correct answers to info@azavea.com and we will send you a $20 gift card to Barnes & Noble!

OJJDP Implements SMART On The Kaleidocade Platform

"Kaleidocade brings ... data ... to the people who need it, in a way they can easily understand, summarize, and analyze. "

Azavea announces the public release of the first national-scale implementation of our Kaleidocade Indicators Framework (KIF): The Socioeconomic Mapping and Resource Topography (SMART) system, developed for the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). Kaleidocade is a unique web-based software framework used for visualizing geographically aggregated data as maps, tables, charts, statistics, and trends, which fit perfectly with OJJDP’s requirements.

The OJJDP supports state and local juvenile justice systems and programs nationwide, and sponsors research and training related to juvenile justice issues. In order to more effectively match resources and needs, they sought to develop a system that would merge a wide range of data sources such as demographics, crime, risk factors, education, economics, and grant resources, to support the identification of emerging issues and assist decision makers in developing appropriate responses.

Azavea, under subcontract to Development Services Group, Inc. (DSG), implemented the Kaleidocade framework, which uses ESRI’s ArcIMS, ArcGIS Server and ArcWeb Services for mapping and geocoding functionality. OJJDP required a tight timeline and Phase I was finished and installed in 6 weeks. Phase II, which contains enhancements, is ongoing. SMART currently contains over 3.3 million rows of demographics, economic indicators, educational data, youth risk factors, and statistical indexes—more than 100 different indicators aggregated to states, counties, and census tracts throughout the entire United States. Kaleidocade brings all of this data to the people who need it, in a way they can easily understand, summarize, and analyze.

To view the SMART application, visit http://smart.gismapping.info. For more information on Kaleidocade, please visit www.azavea.com/products.aspx or contact info@azavea.com.

SBIR Announcement

We are proud to announce that Azavea has been awarded a research grant with the US Department of Educations Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program. Last year, Azavea teamed with the University of Pennsylvania’s Cartographic Modeling Lab to create a web-based application called schoolBase for the School District of Philadelphia. It was designed to allow users from the school district to visualize their vast quantity of data using maps and charts to aid in critical decision making. With an interest in creating a more open system that could easily be adapted to the particular needs of school systems around the country, Azavea applied for a Phase I SBIR grant from the US Department of Education. As the name implies, these grants are designed to fund truly innovative research and development that small companies might not otherwise undertake. Azavea’s grant, one of only about 35 awarded by the US Department of Education, will help fund research into improving the user experience and extending our Kaleidoscope framework to cover educational data. If our research indicates a potential for a commercialization (as we believe it will) we will be eligible to apply for a Phase II grant, in which we will receive funding to more fully develop and market the product.

This project is supported by the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program of the U.S. Department of Education, Contract Number (ED-06-PO-0929).

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Funny Council Boundaries

Think those council boundaries look strange? That’s because they are a result of a process called Gerrymandering. The word “gerrymander” is named for the American politician “Elbridge Gerry (1744-1814). The term was coined by combining the politician’s last name with the term “salamander,” to describe the appearance of a new electoral district Gerry created to hinder the electoral aspirations of his political opponents. Think you can name this Gerrymandered city? Be the first to send an email to info@azavea.com, and if you guess the city you will win a copy of “Past Time, Past Place: GIS for History” from ESRI Press or a $25 gift card to Borders.